Los ntawm: Kate
Email:kate@aquasust.com
Hnub tim: 9 Kaum Ib Hlis 2024
Dab tsi yog sludge?
Sludge hais txog cov sediment, cov teeb meem me me thiab cov teeb meem ntab uas tsim tawm hauv cov txheej txheem dej phwj tuaj, suav nrog cov khib nyiab, tshem tawm cov teeb meem, cov khoom colloidal muaj nyob hauv cov dej phwj thiab cov sludge sib cais los ntawm cov dej, sib sau ua ke hu ua sludge.
Nws yog tsim tom qab sib cais los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm lub cev txoj kev thiab yog ib qho viscous khoom ntawm cov kua thiab cov khoom, nrog ib tug concentration ntawm suspended solids ntawm 1% mus rau 10%, thiab cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv sludge solids, uas yog yooj yim putrefied thiab ntxhiab tsw. . Sludge yog cov khoom siv los ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab los ntawm kev siv lub cev, tshuaj, physicochemical thiab cov txheej txheem lom neeg. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heterogeneous lub cev uas muaj cov organic residues, kab mob, inorganic hais, colloids, thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog hom sludge?
Kev faib tawm raws li qhov chaw: Sludge tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg.
① Cov dej sludge (sludge tsim los ntawm cov dej huv huv, xws li cov nroj tsuag dej)
② Cov dej phwj tuaj hauv tsev
③ Muaj dej khib nyiab sludge.
Raws li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm sludge: sludge tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov organic sludge thiab inorganic sludge.
① Organic sludge feem ntau yog cov organic thiab yog hydrophilic sludge. Cov dej phwj hauv tsev lossis cov dej phwj sib xyaw ua ke yog nyob rau hauv pawg no.
②Inorganic sludge muaj feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv inorganic, feem ntau hu ua sediment, thiab feem ntau yog hydrophobic sludge. Hom sludge no suav nrog sediments los ntawm kev kho lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm feedwater kho gravel chambers thiab qee cov dej khib nyiab.
Sludge yuav muab faib ua plaub pawg raws li txoj kev kho cov effluent los yog cov txheej txheem uas cov sludge yog cais los ntawm cov effluent.
① Primary sludge: Sludge generated los ntawm kev kho cov dej phwj tuaj;
②Residual activated sludge: residual sludge generated los ntawm activated sludge method;
③ Humic sludge: cov sedimentation sludge tsim los ntawm cov sedimentation tank thib ob ntawm biofilm txoj kev;
④ Chemical sludge: sludge los ntawm chemically enhanced thawj kev kho mob los yog tertiary kho.
Cov sludge tuaj yeem muab faib ua tsib pawg raws li cov theem sib txawv ntawm sludge ntau lawm.
① Raw sludge: Lub sij hawm dav dav rau cov sediment thiab tshem tawm cov teeb meem tawm los ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab sedimentation tso tsheb hlau luam;
② Thickened sludge: Sludge tau tom qab thickening ntawm raw sludge;
③ Digested sludge: sludge tau tom qab aerobic thiab anaerobic decomposition ntawm raw sludge;
④Dewatered sludge: sludge tau tom qab dewatering kev kho mob;
⑤ Dried sludge: sludge tau tom qab kev kho kom qhuav.
sludge kho li cas?
Kev kho sludge ua raws li plaub lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: tsis muaj kev phom sij, txo qis, ruaj khov, thiab muaj peev xwm, thiab feem ntau muab faib ua peb txoj kev kho mob: ziab, zom, thiab pov tseg zaum kawg, ua ntej, tom qab thawj cov sludge raug cais tawm ntawm cov dej phwj hauv lub tank sedimentation, nws yuav tsum. tau concentrated thiab qhuav vim nws cov ntsiab lus dej siab thiab ntim loj, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom tsis zoo uas muaj nyob hauv cov sludge tau hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom tsis zoo siv digestion, thaum kawg pov tseg muaj xws li cov chaw tu cev, solidification rau reused raws li cov ntaub ntawv siv, thiab pov tseg zaum kawg. Kev pov tseg zaum kawg suav nrog kev tsis huv hauv av, ua kom muaj zog rau rov siv dua li cov khoom siv tsim kho, siv chiv, thiab incineration li roj.
1,Sludge thickening / dewatering los ntawm ziab
Natural evaporation thiab mechanical dewatering yog ob txoj hauv kev, raws li lub npe qhia, ntuj evaporation yog nthuav tawm cov sludge rau hauv av nrog zoo permeability los yog dag kom qhuav txaj, uas yog nqaim nyob rau hauv qhov, muaj ib tug kuj ntev lub sij hawm kom qhuav lub voj voog thiab yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm kev nyab xeeb, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau nrhiav thaj av tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub nroog loj thiab nruab nrab tsim hauv Suav teb; Thaum lub tshuab dewatering yog siv cov cuab yeej ziab, xws li hluav taws xob kub cua siv tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, lub tshuab nqus tsev / lub tshuab nqus tsev, centrifuges, thiab siv tshuab dewatering. lim, centrifuge, siv thickener thiab lwm yam khoom siv, mechanical dewatering muaj kev siv tau zoo, kev ua haujlwm loj thiab ntev ntev, thiab yog ib txoj hauv kev rau cov dej phwj tuaj loj.
2, Sludge digestion
Txoj kev zom zaub mov yog muab faib ua aerobic digestion thiab anaerobic digestion, lub qub yog ib tug ntev lub sij hawm aeration ntawm cov sludge, kom cov degradable tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov sludge yog oxidized rau CO₂, H₂O, NH₃; tom kawg yog cov tshuaj anaerobic biochemical siv cov kab mob parthenogenic thiab cov kab mob anaerobic kom decompose cov organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov sludge los tsim CH CH₄, CO₂, H₂O, H₂S yog tsim los ntawm cov organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov sludge, ob qho tib si uas yuav stabilize cov sludge.
3, Kev pov tseg zaum kawg
Sludge muaj ntau yam kev siv, uas txhais tau hais tias muaj ntau txoj hauv kev pov tseg zaum kawg, suav nrog kev txhim kho thaj av thiab kho kom zoo nkauj, kev ua liaj ua teb composting, rov ua dua los ua cov khoom siv, incineration, thiab landfill. Tau kawg, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov qauv sib xws thaum siv rau cov hom phiaj sib xws.
Kev kho sludge tuaj yeem muab faib ua (1) txo kev kho mob (txoj kev ua kom tuab, dewatering, thiab lwm yam.) (2) Stabilization (anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion) (3) Kev sib xyaw ua ke (kev siv biogas los ntawm kev zom zaub mov, kev ua liaj ua teb siv cov sludge, thiab lwm yam) . Kev pov tseg zaum kawg ntawm sludge: ziab thiab incineration, av reclamation thiab hiav txwv pov tseg, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, thiab lwm yam.
Teeb meem ntawm txhua hom sludge
1. Cov ntsiab lus dej siab ntawm cov dej tsis huv, cov ntsiab lus dej ntawm cov dej tsis huv txog li 90%, cov ntsiab lus dej ntawm thawj cov dej dewatered sludge txog li 80%, cov nqi tsheb thauj mus los siab thiab thaj tsam loj. Direct landfill yuav nyem lub peev xwm ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg. Qhov chaw pov tseg yuav muab pov tseg ua ntej. Ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li kev thaiv cov dej khib nyiab pov tseg.
2. Sludge muaj ntau yam minerals thiab muaj ntau yam nroj tsuag as-ham xws li nitrogen thiab phosphorus, thiab hnyav hlau ions xws li tooj liab, zinc, chromium thiab mercury thiab lawv cov ntsev. Hauv kev siv av, yog tias tsis siv cov sludge kom raug, nws tuaj yeem paug cov av thiab ua rau tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov av, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tib neeg cov khoom noj. Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv dej los yog dej hauv av los ntawm qhov dej ntws los yog nag lossis daus, cuam tshuam rau nws cov dej zoo, thiab nitrogen thiab phosphorus tuaj yeem ua rau eutrophication ntawm cov dej hauv lub cev.
3. Vim muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov organic teeb meem, nws muaj calorific nqi siab. Tus nqi calorific tom qab ziab yog sib npaug ntawm lignite, tab sis nws yog perishable thiab emits unpleasant tsw, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov huab cua.
4.Sludge muaj ntau cov qe cab kab mob, cov kab mob, cov kab mob thiab cov tshuaj lom thiab phom sij xws li PCBs, dioxins thiab radionuclides. Yog tias tsis siv lossis kho ncaj qha, nws yuav ua rau muaj kuab paug thib ob thiab tseem kis tau kab mob.
5.Sludge ntom yog me me, feem ntau faib nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1.002~1.006g/cm~3, thiab cov hais kuj zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 0.02 ~ 0.2mm, kev thauj mus los hauv pipeline yog ib qho yooj yim, tab sis cov nyhuv dewatering tsis zoo, thiab nws nyuaj rau precipitate khoom-kua sib cais.