Los ntawm: Kate
Email: kate@aquasust.com
Hnub tim: 18 Nov 2024
Tam sim no, tus neeg sawv cev cov txheej txheem hauv kev siv tshuaj lom neeg cov dej phwj tuaj feem ntau suav nrog cov txheej txheem sludge thiab txheej txheem biofilm. Tom ntej no, raws li kev xyaum ntau lawm thiab kev kawm theoretical, ob txoj hauv kev yuav raug tshuaj xyuas thiab sib piv.
Activated sludge txheej txheem
Txheej Txheem thiab Txoj Cai
Cov txheej txheem activated sludge ib txwm muaj xws li lub tank aeration, lub tank sedimentation, sludge rov qab system, thiab ib qho kev tshem tawm sludge.
Cov dej phwj tuaj thiab cov sludge rov qab mus rau hauv lub aeration tank ua ke los tsim cov kua sib xyaw. Cov cua compressed xa tawm los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb cua compressor nkag mus rau hauv cov dej phwj tuaj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov npuas me me los ntawm cov khoom siv cua diffusion nteg rau hauv qab ntawm lub tank aeration, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev nce cov pa oxygen hauv cov dej phwj tuaj thiab tseem khaws cov kua sib xyaw ua ke. lub xeev ntawm kev nruj kev tsiv thiab raug tshem tawm lub xeev. Dissolved oxygen, activated sludge, thiab dej phwj yog tag nrho sib xyaw thiab sib cuag nrog ib leeg, tso cai rau cov activated sludge cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus tas li.
Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, organic pollutants nyob rau hauv cov dej phwj yog adsorbed nyob rau saum npoo ntawm zoogloea los ntawm cov activated sludge hais vim lawv loj heev deg cheeb tsam thiab polysaccharide viscous tshuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qee cov macromolecular organic tshuaj yog decomposed rau hauv me me molecular organic tshuaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm extracellular enzymes ntawm cov kab mob.
Hauv theem thib ob, cov kab mob nqus cov organic no thiab oxidize thiab decompose lawv nyob rau hauv cov pa oxygen txaus los tsim carbon dioxide thiab dej, ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv rau lawv tus kheej proliferation thiab reproduction. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov activated sludge cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov organic pollutants nyob rau hauv cov dej phwj yog degraded thiab tshem tawm, lub activated sludge nws tus kheej yog proliferated thiab loj hlob, thiab cov dej phwj tuaj yog purified. Cov kua sib xyaw tom qab tau ua kom huv los ntawm cov activated sludge nkag mus rau hauv lub tank thib ob sedimentation, qhov twg cov activated sludge raug tshem tawm thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv cov kua sib xyaw yog precipitated thiab sib cais los ntawm cov dej. Cov dej phwj kom meej yog tso tawm raws li cov dej kho. Cov sludge concentrated los ntawm nag lossis daus yog tawm los ntawm hauv qab ntawm cov sedimentation tank, feem ntau yog xa rov qab mus rau lub aeration tank raws li inoculation sludge los xyuas kom meej lub suspended khoom concentration thiab microbial concentration nyob rau hauv lub aeration tank; Cov kab mob proliferated raug tso tawm los ntawm lub cev raws li "sludge tshaj tawm". Qhov tseeb, cov pa phem feem ntau raug xa mus los ntawm cov dej phwj tuaj rau cov sludge.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem sludge activated sludge yuav beimagely hais tias: cov kab mob "noj" cov organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov dej phwj tuaj, tig cov dej phwj mus rau hauv dej huv.Qhov tseem ceeb, nws yog zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem ntawm nws tus kheej-purification ntawm dej lub cev, tsuas yog hais tias los ntawm kev. kev tsim kho kom zoo, cov nyhuv ntawm cov dej phwj tuaj huv si zoo dua.
Biofilm txheej txheem
Cov txheej txheem Biofilm Txheej Txheem Hom.
Hom ntub dej: lim dej lom neeg, lom neeg ntauwd, roj ntsha turntable.
Submerged hom: hu rau oxidation, lim khoom submerged nyob rau hauv lub lim tank.
Fluidized txaj hom: lom activated carbon, xuab zeb nruab nrab tshem tawm thiab ntws hauv lub tank.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Vim tias cov dej phwj hauv tsev muaj cov khoom siv organic ntau, cov txheej txheem biofilm cia siab rau cov yeeb yaj kiab microbial tsau rau saum npoo ntawm cov cab kuj kom degrade cov organic teeb meem. Txij li thaum cov kab mob microbial tuaj yeem yuav luag ruaj khov, loj hlob, thiab tsim tawm ntawm txhua qhov chaw nqa khoom tsim nyog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig dej, cov polymers extracellular txuas los ntawm cov hlwb ua rau cov hlwb microbial tsim cov qauv fibrous entanglement. Yog li ntawd, biofilm feem ntau muaj cov qauv ntxeem tau thiab muaj zog adsorption zog.
Cov biofilm adheres rau saum npoo ntawm cov cab kuj thiab yog cov khoom siv hydrophilic heev. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov dej phwj tsis tu ncua, ib txwm muaj ib txheej dej txuas rau sab nraud ntawm nws.
Biofilm kuj yog ib yam khoom uas muaj cov kab mob ntau heev. Ntau cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob micro-tsiaj loj hlob thiab rov tsim dua nyob rau saum npoo thiab sab hauv ntawm daim nyias nyias, tsim cov khoom noj khoom haus uas muaj cov pa phem → kab mob → protozoa (metazoa).
Lub biofilm yog tsim los ntawm cov kab mob, fungi, algae, protozoa, metazoa, thiab qee qhov pom kev lom neeg hauv zej zog. Thaum cov dej phwj tuaj hla ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom, cov pa phem hauv cov dej phwj tuaj yog adsorbed los ntawm cov kab mob hauv biofilm, thiab oxygen diffuses rau hauv biofilm. Biodegradation thiab lwm yam teebmeem tshwm sim hauv daim nyias nyias kom ua tiav qhov degradation ntawm cov organic teeb meem.
Lub txheej txheej ntawm biofilm yog aerobic thiab facultative aerobic microorganisms, thaum txheej txheej hauv biofilm feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub xeev anaerobic. Thaum cov biofilm thickens maj mam thiab cov tuab ntawm cov txheej txheem anaerobic tshaj li ntawm cov txheej txheem aerobic, nws yuav ua rau lub biofilm tawg, thiab cov biofilm tshiab yuav rov tsim dua tshiab ntawm cov cab kuj. Los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm biofilm, kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj ntawm biofilm reactor yog khaws cia.
Kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab tshem tawm ntawm biofilm. Kev tuav tswj kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj ntawm biofilm reactor yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab tso tawm ntawm biofilm. Lub txheej txheej ntawm biofilm yog aerobic thiab facultative aerobic microorganisms, thaum txheej txheej hauv biofilm feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub xeev anaerobic. Thaum cov biofilm thickens maj mam thiab cov tuab ntawm cov txheej txheem anaerobic tshaj li ntawm cov txheej txheem aerobic, nws yuav ua rau lub biofilm tawg, thiab cov biofilm tshiab yuav rov tsim dua tshiab ntawm cov cab kuj.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab tshem tawm yog raws li hauv qab no:
Ua ntej, cov txheej txheem tshwm sim ntawm anaerobic membrane:
Ib qho yog biofilm;
Qhov thib ob yog tias qhov dav dav dav ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob zuj zus ntxiv, thiab sab hauv qhov uas oxygen tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus yuav hloov mus rau lub xeev anaerobic; ob leeg yog tsim los ntawm ib tug anaerobic membrane thiab ib tug aerobic membrane;
Qhov thib peb yog tias aerobic membrane yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb rau cov organic teeb meem degradation, thiab dav dav yog 2 hli.
Thib ob, cov txheej txheem thickening ntawm anaerobic membrane:
Ib qho yog qhov nce ntawm anaerobic metabolites, uas ua rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov anaerobic membrane thiab aerobic membrane;
Qhov thib ob yog kev khiav tawm tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom siv roj av, uas ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm adhesion ntawm biofilm ntawm qhov muab tub lim;
Qhov thib peb yog los ua ib qho kev laus biofilm, uas muaj kev ua kom huv si tsis zoo thiab yooj yim rau poob.
Thib peb, qhov hloov tshiab ntawm biofilm:
Ib qho yog qhov ua rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus, thiab cov biofilm tshiab yuav loj hlob dua;
Qhov thib ob yog tias kev ua kom huv ntawm cov biofilm tshiab muaj zog dua.
Kev sib piv ntawm cov txheej txheem activated sludge thiab txheej txheem biofilm
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem activated sludge.
Tau ntev, qhov kev kho mob thib ob ntawm cov dej phwj hauv nroog hauv nroog feem ntau tau siv cov txheej txheem activated sludge, uas tam sim no yog cov txheej txheem kev kho mob thib ob hauv ntiaj teb. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
Ua ntej, siv cov txheej txheem activated sludge ib txwm, cov peev txheej tsim nqi, cov nqi khiav lag luam, kev siv hluav taws xob feem ntau siab, kev tswj xyuas ntau dua, thiab sludge bulking yog qhov tshwm sim; cov txheej txheem cov cuab yeej tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev siv tsawg.
Qhov thib ob, nrog kev nruj nruj ntawm cov dej phwj tuaj, cov kev xav tau siab dua yog muab tso rau ntawm cov khoom noj xws li nitrogen thiab phosphorus hauv cov kav dej. Cov txheej txheem kev kho cov dej phwj tuaj nrog nitrogen thiab phosphorus tshem tawm cov haujlwm feem ntau yog siv cov txheej txheem activated sludge, feem ntau xav tau ntau lub tank anaerobic thiab aerobic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib txuas ua ke los tsim ntau theem cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tank, thiab ua kom cov kev ncig sab hauv kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm nitrogen. thiab phosphorus tshem tawm, uas yog khi kom nce peev peev thiab kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab ua rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tswj xyuas ntau dua.
Thib peb, cov txheej txheem activated sludge generates ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov sludge sludge, uas yuav tsum tau sludge detoxification kev kho mob, nce peev.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem biofilm.
Cov txheej txheem biofilm kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev siv rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib theem nrab ntawm cov dej phwj hauv nroog. Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem activated sludge, nws muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
Ua ntej, cov biofilm muaj zog adaptability rau cov kev hloov ntawm cov dej phwj zoo thiab kom muaj nuj nqis, thiab yog ib qho yooj yim los tswj, thiab sludge bulking yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Qhov thib ob, cov kab mob kis tau ruaj khov rau ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom, thiab cov kab mob nrog lub sijhawm ntev dua tuaj yeem loj tuaj. Cov theem lom neeg muaj ntau dua, ruaj khov, thiab tsim cov sludge tsawg dua.
Thib peb, nws tuaj yeem kho cov dej phwj tuaj qis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov txheej txheem biofilm yog tias cov khoom siv biofilm nce kev nqis peev ntawm qhov system; Qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom nqa khoom me me, cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj qhov ntim tsawg thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsawg, thiab kev kho mob qis dua li cov txheej txheem activated sludge thaum kho cov dej phwj hauv nroog; tus nqi ntawm cov kab mob uas txuas rau cov khoom nto yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tswj, thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim yog qhov tsis zoo; Kev ua pa ntuj yog siv rau cov pa oxygen, uas tsis txaus raws li cov khoom siv sludge, thiab cov xwm txheej anaerobic tuaj yeem tshwm sim.